Types of Microphones Based on the Transducer Principle.
Friday, January 12, 2024
Microphones are essential tools in capturing sound for various applications, including music production, live sound reinforcement, broadcasting, and more. There are different types of microphones, each suited for specific tasks, and they can be categorized based on their transducer principle, polar patterns, and intended use.
Types of Microphones Based on the Transducer Principle:
1. Dynamic Microphones:
- These microphones use an electromagnet principle. Sound waves hit a diaphragm attached to a coil of wire, which is suspended within a magnetic field. As the diaphragm moves, it causes the coil to move within the magnetic field, generating an electrical current.
- They are generally robust, handle high sound pressure levels well, and are often used for live sound and recording loud sources like guitar amplifiers and drums.
2. Condenser Microphones:
- Condenser microphones use a capacitor to convert acoustic energy into electrical energy. They have a lightweight diaphragm that's placed close to a backplate, creating a capacitor. When sound waves hit the diaphragm, the distance between it and the backplate changes, creating an electrical signal.
- These mics require power (phantom power or a battery) and are sensitive, making them ideal for studio recording and capturing subtle nuances in vocals and acoustic instruments.
3. Ribbon Microphones:
- Ribbon mics have a thin aluminum, duraluminum, or nanofilm ribbon suspended in a magnetic field. Sound waves cause the ribbon to vibrate, generating an electrical signal.
- They are known for their warm and natural sound and are often used in studios to record vocals, guitar cabinets, and brass instruments.
4. Electret Microphone: I know you will be expecting me to define the microphone đđđ I gotta you you, I have talked how this in my previous video type it in the comment section
Polar Patterns:
1. **Cardioid:**
- Captures sound primarily from the front and sides, rejecting sound from the rear. Ideal for live sound and studio recording where isolation from unwanted noise is important.
2. **Omnidirectional:**
- Picks up sound equally from all directions. Useful when a natural ambiance is desired or when the microphone needs to capture sound from multiple sources in the room.
3. **Figure-8 or Bidirectional:**
- Picks up sound from the front and back but rejects sound from the sides. This pattern is typical of ribbon microphones and is useful in situations where sound needs to be captured from two opposite directions.
4. **Supercardioid and Hypercardioid:**
- These patterns are similar to cardioid but offer a tighter pickup area at the front and a small lobe of sensitivity at the rear. These are useful for more focused sound capture, reducing ambient noise, and feedback suppression.
Write another type of microphone in the comment section I am sure you know now that type of microphone is not the brand. đđŧ